Lula III administration inaugurated — stable migration policy

President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva was inaugurated on 1 January 2023, beginning the third non-consecutive Lula administration. Immigration policy has been largely stable — the Lei de Migração 2017 framework remains intact, with operational focus on processing capacity, digitalisation, and humanitarian reception (Ukrainian, Afghan refugees). No major legislative reform attempted in the first three years of the administration.