Housing Law (Ley 12/2023) creates "tensioned" rental-market zones

Ley por el Derecho a la Vivienda entered force on 26 May 2023. Introduced the "zonas de mercado residencial tensionado" (tensioned residential-market zones), rent-price caps for large landlords in designated zones, and tax incentives for long-term letting. Implementation is opt-in at the autonomous-community level — Catalonia has activated it widely; Madrid has not. Directly affects rental-market dynamics in major Spanish cities.