Riders Law establishes presumption of employment for delivery platform workers

Real Decreto-Ley 9/2021 ("Riders Law"), in force from 12 August 2021, established a legal presumption that delivery-platform workers (Glovo, Deliveroo, Uber Eats) are employees rather than self-employed. Expanded by jurisprudence through 2023–2025. A precedent-setting piece of EU platform-work legislation, influential for the subsequent 2024 EU Platform Workers Directive.