What's the typical salary floor for skilled-worker visas?
The EU Blue Card floor is currently ~€45,000–€56,000/year depending on member state (approximately 1.0–1.5× national average salary). UK Skilled Worker needs £38,700; Australia 482 TSS £73,150 AUD; Canada varies by NOC level.
Do I need a job offer first?
Almost always — yes. The visa is a sponsorship vehicle, and you must have a named employer willing to sponsor before applying. Some countries (Germany Chancenkarte, Austria RWR-Card points-based) let you enter first to job-search.
How long until I can apply for permanent residency?
Typical window: 3–5 years of continuous residence on the visa, with salary and tax-compliance requirements. Portugal (5yrs), Germany (33 months on a Blue Card — 21 with B1 German), Ireland (5yrs), UK (5yrs).